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Khosrow is a name of Iranian origin, most notably held by several Persian rulers, but also by other people in various locations and languages. In some times and places, the word has come to mean "king" or "ruler". The word ultimately comes from Proto-Iranian *Hu-sravah ("with good reputation"), itself ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- ("good") + *ḱléwos ("fame"). ''Khosrow'' is the Modern Persian variant. As the name of the legendary Iranian king Kay Khosrow, the name has been attested in Avesta as ()〔http://www.avesta.org/kanga/english_opf_files/158KEADict%20p293%20p294%20kavilike.jpg〕 and ''Haosrauuah''. This is the oldest attestation. A number of rulers of Persia, Armenia and the Middle East either took ''Khosrow'' as their dynastic name or are known by this name. The name was used by various rulers of Parthian Empire. It has been attested in Parthian-language inscriptions as "hwsrw" (), which may be variously transliterated and pronunced.〔http://www.parthia.com/parthia_inscriptions_names.htm〕 The Latin form was ラテン語:''Osroes'' or ラテン語:''Osdroes''. The Old Armenian form was ''Khosrov'' (), derived from Parthian, and was held by several rulers of the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia. The name is still used in modern Armenian language. Notable as to the use of ''Khosrow'' as a title is the father of Mirian III of Iberia who was known as ''k'asre''. This led to confusion, as some historians thought that Mirian III must therefore be the son of a Sasanian ruler, and not a Parthian one. The name was notably used by several rulers of Sassanian Empire. In their native language, Middle Persian, the name has been spelt variously as hwslwb (Book Pahlavi script: ), hwsrwb, hwslwd, hwsrwd', or hwsrwb' in Pahlavi scripts. The name has been variously transliterated as follows: ''Husrō'', ''Husrōy'', ''Xusro'', ''Khusro'', ''Husrav'', ''Husraw'', ''Khusrau'', ''Khusraw'', ''Khusrav'', ''Xusraw'', ''Xusrow'', ''Xosrow'', ''Xosro''. *〔The "h" in Pahlavi spellings can used for both and (transliterated as "kh" or "x"). The letter "d" and "b" probably represent (transliterated as "y") here. The second "w" may represent long here, particularly when followed by "d" and "b", otherwise it may be considered the diphthong (transliterated as "aw", "av", or "au"), but Middle Persian, unlike New Persian, did not have diphthongs, at least in its earlier forms.〕〔http://grifterrec.rasmir.com/sasania/sas_mint/sas_kingnames.html〕〔http://www.beastcoins.com/Sasanian/Sasanian.htm〕 The Greek form was ''Khosróēs'' () and the Latin form was ラテン語:''Chosroes'' and ラテン語:''Cosroe''. The Middle Persian word also means "famous" or "of good repute".〔MacKenzie, David N. (1986). "husraw", in ''A Concise Pahlavi Dictionary''. London: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-713559-5. p. 45.〕 The New Persian variant is , which can be transliterated as ''Khusraw'', ''Khusrau'', ''Khusrav'', ''Khusru'' (based on the Classical Persian pronunciation (:xʊsˈɾaw)), or ''Khosrow'', ''Khosro'' (based on the modern Iranian Persian pronunciations (:xosˈɾoʊ̯) and (:xosˈɾo)). In Arabic it was ''Kisrā'' or ''Kasrā'' (), a variant which is also used in Modern Persian (). In Islamic Persia, ''kisrā'' became a strong byword for tyrannical pagan kingship, and is used as a general shorthand for Sassanian rulers (hence also "Taq-i Kasra"), as ''pharaoh'' is used for pre-Islamic Egyptian rulers. The Turkish variant is ', derived from Ottoman Turkish (), itself from New Persian. ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Khosrow (word)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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